BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY OF THE “KARNOVARSKY SOLONETZ”
(NEVERKINO DISTRICT, PENZA REGION) 

Novikova Lyubov' Aleksandrovna, Doctor of biological sciences, associate professor, professor of the sub-department of general biology and biochemistry, principal researcher, Basic and Applied Research Institute, Penza State University (40 Krasnaya street, Penza, Russia), E-mail: la_novikova@mail.ru
Koryazhkina Karina Viktorovna, Student, Penza State University (40 Krasnaya street, Penza, Russia), E-mail: ashnvckcbnq@gmail.com
Polumordvinov Oleg Aleksandrovich, Postgraduate student, Penza State University (40 Krasnaya street, Penza, Russia), E-mail: entomol-penza@yandex.ru 

581. 526. 426 

DOI

10.21685/2307-9150-2020-3-3 

Background. The biological diversity of the “Karnovarsky solonetz”, located in the south-west of the Penza region (Neverkino district), is analyzed. The halophytic vegetation of the forest-steppe zone of Eastern Europe has been little studied and these studies practically did not concern the Penza region [1, 2].
Materials and methods. The study of vegetation was conducted 2018–2019 using the method of geobotanical profiling, collected 122 trial sites. An ecological-phytocenotic classification of vegetation on a dominant basis has been developed. Animals in the area were studied from 2014 to 2019.
Results. “Karnovarsky solonetz” contains halophytic vegetation (73,7 %), halophytic meadows (18,1 %) and halophytic bogs (1,6 %). Non-halophytic vegetation on the solonetz (26,3 % of the area) includes steppe (19,0 %), meadow (5,6 %) and shrub vegetation (1,6 %). The main stages of the demo-halophytic steppe, meadow, and bog vegetation, which proceed as well as in other southeastern solonetzes (Neverkino district), are distinguished. Flora includes 124 species of vascular plants, of which 1 species is listed in the Red book of the Russian Federation (2008) [3] and 16 in the Red book of the Penza region (2013) [4]. The study of animal fauna is at the initial stage of study: 70 species of animals have been discovered: vertebrates – 14 species and invertebrates – 56 species, of which 5 species are listed in the Red book of the Penza region [5].
Conclusions. We recommend the creation of a new natural monument in the Neverkino district, 2 km from the village of Mаnsurovka under the name “Karnovarsky solonetz”. 

Key words

forest-steppe zone, halophytic vegetation, demutation of vegetation cover, “Karnovarsky solonetz”, Penza region 

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